The number of GAT-1-IR axo-axonic structures (candles) was greatest in the middle, rostral to caudal, of the mPFC (∼2.9–3.1 mm anterior to bregma). The number of GAT-1-IR candles per 60 μm wide sector in each rostral–caudal tissue section was averaged from dorsal–ventral samples taken every 500 μm. In this gross analysis, there was a trend for an overall decrease in the number of GAT-1-IR candles in the prenatal cocaine-treated rats (p = 0.07; 1 × 1 repeated measures ANOVA).