Experimental setup: a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design. A schematic illustration of the experimental conditions is shown. In each experiment, a moving ball was presented in either of two positions, near or far (with respect to the hand), while the subject was maintaining fixation between the two targets. Proprioceptive and visual information about hand position with respect to the near condition were manipulated between experiments. A, Real-hand experiment: having congruent visual and proprioceptive information. B, Occluded-hand experiment: proprioceptive information only. C, Dummy-hand experiment: illusory visual information. D, Retracted-hand experiment: with the hand away from the near target.