Group results: determining the relative contributions of visual and proprioceptive information to the hand schema. fMRI differential activation (whole brain corrected, p < 0.05) for near versus far stimuli on representative inflated and unfolded maps of the right hemisphere (RH) and left hemisphere (LH). Shown are the areas with preference for the ball approaching the near target. A, When next to the subject's hand. B, When the subject's hand was occluded from sight. C, When a dummy hand was placed at the same position as the occluded hand, while the subject's own hand was retracted. D, When the subject's hand was retracted away from the near target. The comparison between the activation preference in the different experiments enables identification of putative hand-related areas in the cortex, as well as the factors (visual or proprioceptive) governing the hand position-related representation. Note that the mere presence of the dummy hand modulated parietal areas in a similar way to the real hand. A, Anterior; P, posterior; CS, central sulcus; ColS, collateral sulcus.