Compromised excitatory synaptic transmission and synaptic plasticity in the BLA of Neogenin knock-out mice. A, Recording diagrams. Pyramidal neurons in the BLA were recorded in whole-cell configuration. B, Similar resting membrane potential (RMP) of pyramidal neurons in GFAP-Neo^−/− amygdalae. n = 12 neurons from 3 mice for each genotype. Student's t test: p > 0.05. C, Unaltered membrane input resistance (Rin) of pyramidal neurons in GFAP-Neo^−/− amygdala. n = 12 neurons from 3 mice for each genotype. Student's t test: p > 0.05. D, Firing rate plotted against increasing injected currents. n = 9 neurons from 3 mice for each genotype. Two-way ANOVA: F_(1,112) = 0.4788, p > 0.05. Right, Representative traces of spikes in BLA pyramidal neurons evoked by injecting depolarizing currents of 50 pA. Scale bars, 200 ms, 20 mV. E, Subcellular fractions of amygdala were probed for Neogenin, the postsynaptic marker PSD95, the presynaptic marker synaptophysin, and β-actin (loading control). S1, Supernatant 1; S2, supernatant 2; P2, crude synaptosome-enriched pellet; S3, crude synaptic vesicle fraction; SV, synaptic vesicle fraction; P3, synaptosomal membrane fraction; G1, myelin fraction; G2, light membrane fraction; G3, synaptosomal plasma membrane fraction; Pre, presynaptic fraction; PSD, postsynaptic density fraction. F, Recording diagram. Pyramidal neurons in the BLA were recorded in whole-cell configuration. Cortical input pathway was stimulated. G, Downward shifted I/O curve in GFAP-Neo^−/− slice. eEPSCs were recorded in BLA pyramidal neurons in response to stimulation of the cortical pathway with increasing intensities. n = 9 neurons from 3 mice for each genotype. Two-way ANOVA: **p < 0.01. Right, Representative eEPSC traces. Scale bars, 20 ms, 150 pA. H, PPRs plotted against interstimulus intervals. n = 12 neurons from 3 Neo^f/f mice; n = 13 neurons from 3 GFAP-Neo^−/− mice. Two-way ANOVA: p > 0.05. Right, Representatives sweeps with interstimulus interval of pair-pulse stimulations at 50 ms. Scale bars, 20 ms, 50 pA. I, Suppressed LTP expression in GFAP-Neo^−/− BLA. Whole-cell LTP was recorded in BLA excitatory neurons in response to stimulation of the cortical pathway. Arrow indicates the time of LTP induction. Representative eEPSC traces of pre (1) and post (2) induction. Scale bars, 20 ms, 50 pA. J, Quantitative analysis of data in I. n = 7 neurons from 3 Neo^f/f mice; n = 9 neurons from GFAP-Neo^−/− mice. Student's t test: *p < 0.05.