Treatment with Mesenchymal-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Reduces Injury-Related Pathology in Pyramidal Neurons of Monkey Perilesional Ventral Premotor Cortex

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Figure 2.
Figure 2.

AP firing properties of vPMC pyramidal neurons are altered by lesion and EV treatment A, Representative single AP waveforms from the three groups, superimposed, showing differences in AP kinetics (rise, fall, duration at half-maximum amplitude). B, Box-and-whisker and vertical scatter plots of individual data points of single AP properties: amplitude (ANOVA Fisher's LSD post hoc, EV vs veh, p = 0.009), rise (veh vs nonlesion, p = 0.03; EV vs nonlesion, p = 0.00004; EV vs veh, p = 0.02), fall (veh vs nonlesion, p = 0.0003; EV vs nonlesion, p = 0.002), and threshold (veh vs nonlesion, p = 0.0003; EV vs nonlesion, p = 0.04). C, Amplitude of sAHP (veh vs nonlesion, p = 0.0002; EV vs nonlesion, p = 0.005). D, Box-and-whisker and vertical scatter plots (left) of rheobase current, and linear relationships of rheobase versus Rn (right, p < 0.01 for all correlations). E, Representative voltage responses to a low-amplitude current ramp stimulus in vPMCveh and vPMCEV neurons; the vPMCnonlesion neuron did not fire APs at this current ramp stimulus. F, Representative voltage traces showing steady-state AP firing in response to 2 s current steps at 40, 80, 120 pA. G, Mean AP firing rates in response to a series of depolarizing current steps (Fisher's LSD post hoc, 20, 40, 60, 80 pA: *veh vs EV, p < 0.04; #veh vs nonlesion, p < 0.009; 100, 120 pA: #veh vs nonlesion, p < 0.0002; **EV vs nonlesion, p < 0.03). H, Linear relationships of Rn and firing rate at lower current steps (60 pA; p < 0.01). Slopes significantly different between groups at all steps (40, 60, 80, 120: veh vs EV, p < 0.001; veh vs nonlesion, p < 0.048). I, Box-and-whisker and vertical scatter plots of percent initial and late FFA (Fisher's LSD post hoc: % FFAinitial, veh vs nonlesion, p = 0.0009; EV vs nonlesion, p = 0.02; % FFAlate veh vs nonlesion p = 0.02).

  1. The Journal of Neuroscience vol. 40 no. 17 3385-3407
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