Frequency-dependent oscillation propagation from GPe to SNr neurons. A, Top, Intrinsic frequency selectivity of an SNr neuron, measured as the spike-oscillation coherence to a sinusoidal current injection in the presence of a background synaptic barrage from the 4 GPe neurons shown in Figure 5A. Dashed line indicates the firing rate of the SNr neuron during the synaptic barrage. Bottom, Preferred phase of firing of the SNr neuron at all stimulus frequencies. Coherence spectra for each cell in the sample are presented in Extended Data Figure 7-1. B, Average frequency selectivity and phase preference for the sample of 10 SNr neurons during the background barrage and direct application of sinusoidal currents. C, Top, Spike-oscillation coherence for an SNr neuron during application of the convergent conductance waveforms from Figure 5A. Bottom, The preferred firing phase of the SNr neuron for each oscillation frequency. D, Spike-oscillation coherence (top) and the vector angle (bottom) for propagated GPe→SNr oscillations for the sample of 7 SNr neurons during application of the convergent conductance waveforms from Figure 5A. Firing rates ranged from 11.3 to 43.0 (mean = 22.8 ± 11.7) spikes/s. E, Spike-oscillation coherence for an SNr neuron during application of the convergent conductance waveforms from Figure 5B. Bottom, The preferred firing phase of the SNr neuron for each oscillation frequency. F, Spike-oscillation coherence (top) and the vector angle (bottom) for propagated GPe→SNr oscillations for the sample of 4 SNr neurons during application of the conductance waveforms from Figure 5B. Firing rates ranged from 16.1 to 20.4 (mean = 17.7 ± 2.3) spikes/s. G–I, Spike-phase histograms for oscillation frequencies of 21 Hz (G), 40 Hz (H), and 75 Hz (I). J, The phase shift of the GPe→SNr synaptic conductance across all oscillation frequencies. Dashed line indicates the phase shift predicted by the IPSG centroid. Inset, The IPSG waveform. Dashed line indicates the centroid. Error bars indicate SEM.