ABC treatment in the mPFC reduces PV cell intensity but does not alter inhibitory/excitatory puncta on PV cells. A, B, Confocal image of WFA-stained brain (green) showing dorsal PFC area after unilateral Veh or ABC treatment at 1 h (A) or 3 d (B) postinjection. Bottom panels show a 20× magnification of the white boxed areas in panels A and B. C, D, Confocal micrographs of single PNN identified by WFA staining (green) surrounding a PV neuron (blue) from Veh side (C) and labeling of “stubs” after ABC treatment identified with 1B5 stub antibody (red) (D). Scale bars for panels A and B, 100 µm, and C and D, 50 µm. E, Intensity of all PV cells was reduced after ABC at both 1 h and 3 d. Number of rats (number of cells) for each group, 1 h, Veh N = 4 (746); ABC N = 4 (546); 3 d, Veh N = 3 (541); ABC N = 3 (561). F, Number of all PV cells was not different after ABC treatment. Number of rats for each group, 1 h, Veh N = 4; ABC N = 4; 3 d, Veh N = 3; ABC N = 3. G, Intensity of PV/WFA or PV/Stub double-labeled cells. Number of rats (number of cells) for each group: 1 h, Veh N = 4 (296); ABC N = 4 (206); 3 d, Veh N = 3 (162); ABC N = 3 (166). H, The number of PV/WFA or PV/stub double-labeled cells was not different across days or treatment. Number of rats for each group, 1 h, Veh N = 4; ABC N = 4; 3 d, Veh N = 3; ABC N = 3. For intensity, violin plots show the median and quartiles; for cell number, data are mean ± SEM. I, Confocal micrograph of a representative PV neuron (red) surrounded by a WFA-labeled PNN (blue). This PV neuron receives appositions from both glutamatergic (VGluT1, magenta) and GABAergic (GAD65/67, green) puncta. J, The Imaris Spots segmentation tool was used to analyze GAD65/67 (green dots) and VGLUT1 (magenta dots) puncta apposing the outer boundaries of the PV neuron (gray). Scale bar, 5 µm. K, GAD 65/67 puncta apposing PV neurons. There was a reduced number of puncta in both Veh and ABC groups at 3 d versus 1 h. L, vGLUT1 puncta apposing PV neurons. There was a reduced number of vGLUT1 puncta in both Veh and ABC groups at 3 d versus 1 h. M, Ratio of GAD65/67 to vGLUT1 puncta apposing PV neurons. There was a reduced ratio in both Veh and ABC groups at 1 h versus 3 d. Data are mean ± SEM. Number of rats (number of cells) for each group, 1 h, Veh N = 4 (16); ABC N = 4 (22); 3 d, Veh N = 3 (18); ABC N = 3 (31). *p < 0.05. Extended Data Figure 4-1 shows statistical comparisons for Figure 4.